![]() Surprisingly, the results of this study can provide insight for beginners to understand essential topics in electrical engineering studies, e.g., the circuit topology, fundamental theory, and working principle of a voltage divider circuit. All simulators provide an attractive GUI, capable of simulating voltage measurements with 100% accuracy in terms of DC analyses, which is DC voltage (except the CW software, which is only 98%), and can be entered in any resistor value (except Ye and PhET software). ![]() Finally, the simulation results were compared with the calculation results. Afterward, the value of R1 and R2 were inserted into the simulation circuit to guarantee if the current Vout value matched the initial Vout. Two scenarios were carried out: measuring the output voltage (Vout) with known R1, R2, and DC source (Battery) as a voltage input (Vin), then looking for R1 and R2 using four different calculation methods to obtain Vout as expected. #PERSAMAAN IC 741 OFFLINE#The approach was simulated using popular offline simulators (i.e., Pr, CW circuit, and virtual mode, EWB, Mu, P, Ye, TS, QUCS, LTS, SI, and PhET). This paper reveals the voltage divider circuit to better understand the fundamental working principles in detail. In the context of technical education, this trainer kit also supports the efficient implementation of practicum without compromising the learning objectives due to the ease of operation (plug & play through jumper cables) compared to fully assembling the circuit using a project board. Through a questionnaire consisting of 13 criteria, this trainer kit was declared valid, namely r count > 0.2960 (5%) and reliable (Cronbach's alpha > 0.60, which was 0.732) to be used as a learning media based on user responses, namely students (N = 35). The trainer kit was packaged in a box made of acrylic with dimensions l x w x h = 20 cm x 28 cm x 5 mm. Using 2 and 3 R-C networks, the phase shifts were 120o and 180o, respectively. Meanwhile, the trainer kit had an output frequency specification of ~649 Hz (C = 100 nF, R = 1 kΩ) and it shifts the phase by 60o on each RC network. The phase inverter of the phase-shift RC Oscillator adjusts the output signal by 180o and sends feedback to the input, therefore, there is positive feedback. ![]() The output signal on this trainer kit was observed using only an Oscilloscope and a frequency counter. Two tasks in this learning media were completed by students, namely measuring the output frequency and observing the phase shift. ![]() The phase-shift RC circuit in the trainer kit used a single Op-Amp 741 while the Network model utilized an Inverting Amplifier to determine the gain which must be ≥ 29 times, therefore, Rfeedback ≥ 29 Rgain (Rfeedback = 30 kΩ and Rgain = 1 kΩ). Furthermore, the Resistor and Capacitor modules were provided separately to be connected to the trainer through jumper cables. The Oscillator is one of the essential subtopics to be examined thoroughly by electrical engineering students. This research develops a phase-shift RC Oscillator trainer kit that can be used to give undergraduate students an understanding of one of the materials related to analog circuit practicum. ![]()
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